Affectionately known as the “Westie,” the West Highland White Terrier hails from Scotland, where it was developed in the rugged highlands during the 19th century. Its ancestry intertwines with other Scottish terriers, including the Cairn Terrier, Scottish Terrier, and Dandie Dinmont Terrier.
The breed’s distinctive white coat emerged thanks to Colonel Edward Donald Malcolm of Poltalloch. After a tragic hunting accident in which he mistakenly shot one of his dark-colored Cairn Terriers, Colonel Malcolm set out to breed a terrier that was easily distinguishable from quarry. The result was a hardy, all-white dog — the West Highland White Terrier.
The breed gained official recognition by The Kennel Club (UK) in 1906 and later by the American Kennel Club in 1908.
The Westie’s cheerful demeanor, compact size, and charming looks quickly made it a favorite both as a working dog and companion. The breed became an icon in pop culture and advertising, famously featured in:
• Cesar dog food commercials
• Literature and films as the quintessential plucky little dog
• Companion to celebrities and royalty alike
Consistently popular, the Westie remains one of the most beloved terrier breeds worldwide.
The Westie boasts a distinctive appearance that combines ruggedness with elegance.
• Height: 10–11 inches (25–28 cm)
• Weight: 15–20 pounds (7–9 kg)
• Build: Compact, muscular, and balanced
• Coat: Harsh, straight outer coat with a soft, dense undercoat
• Color: Pure white
• Head: Broad and round with a defined stop
• Ears: Small, erect, and pointed
• Eyes: Dark, almond-shaped, with a keen and intelligent expression
• Tail: Carrot-shaped, carried upright
The Westie is a classic terrier: confident, curious, and brimming with personality.
• Cheerful and friendly: Loves human company and is affectionate with family
• Energetic and playful: Enjoys games, toys, and interactive play
• Independent yet trainable: Can be headstrong but eager to please with positive methods
• Alert and brave: Makes a good watchdog despite its small size
• Sociable: Generally gets along with other dogs but may chase smaller animals
This breed is ideal for:
• Families seeking a compact, lively companion
• Apartment dwellers (with sufficient daily exercise)
• Individuals wanting a dog with minimal shedding and a bright personality
It may not suit:
• Those looking for a low-energy lapdog
• Homes with small pets like rabbits or hamsters
• Owners unwilling to invest time in grooming and training
Westies thrive when they’re mentally and physically engaged and given clear boundaries.
• Exercise: Moderate; daily walks, playtime, and mental stimulation
• Training: Positive reinforcement works best; early socialization is key
• Grooming: Regular brushing; professional grooming or hand-stripping every few months to maintain coat texture
• Living Environment: Adaptable to apartments and houses alike; secure fencing advised
• Feeding: High-quality diet formulated for small, active breeds
The Westie is a generally robust and long-lived breed (12–16 years). Health issues to monitor include:
• Skin conditions (allergies, atopic dermatitis)
• Patellar luxation
• Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (hip joint issue)
• Craniomandibular osteopathy (puppy head condition)
Responsible breeding and regular veterinary care help ensure a healthy life.
• Cairn Terrier: Slightly larger, rougher coat, more varied colors
• Scottish Terrier: Heavier build, more aloof personality
• Norfolk/Norwich Terrier: Smaller, softer personality, different ear shapes
If you’re looking for a compact, affectionate, and sprightly terrier with a distinctive look and hardy constitution, the Westie is an excellent choice.
Reputable breeders can be found through clubs like the West Highland White Terrier Club of America. United Pet Club offers microchipping, grooming resources, and pet passports, handy for active owners who travel with their Westie.