The Spanish Water Dog (Perro de Agua Español) is an ancient breed believed to have arrived in the Iberian Peninsula via North African traders as early as the Middle Ages. Traditionally used as a multi-purpose farm dog, it herded sheep and goats, retrieved waterfowl, and assisted fishermen along Spain’s coastlines.
This versatile working dog was common in Andalusia and other rural areas, where its intelligence, agility, and distinctive coat made it an invaluable asset on land and in water. The breed gained official recognition in Spain in the 1980s and has since expanded internationally as both a working and companion breed.
Though still relatively rare outside of Spain, the Spanish Water Dog is steadily gaining popularity in Europe and North America. It attracts active owners, dog sport competitors, and families who appreciate its versatility, enthusiasm, and hypoallergenic coat.
Its reputation as a devoted, energetic, and trainable companion has led to increased interest among agility, obedience, and search-and-rescue enthusiasts.
The Spanish Water Dog is a medium-sized, rustic, and athletic dog with a signature curly coat.
• Height: 15.5–19.75 inches (40–50 cm)
• Weight: 30–50 pounds (14–23 kg)
• Build: Compact, muscular, and agile
• Coat: Distinctive curly, woolly, single coat; forms tight curls or cords
• Color: Solid black, brown, beige, white, or bicolor combinations (with white)
• Head: Strong and proportionate with a slightly domed skull
• Eyes: Hazel to dark brown, with an expressive, alert gaze
• Ears: Triangular and dropped, set at medium height
• Tail: Natural or docked (varies by country); carried low with a gentle curve
Their robust frame and water-resistant coat equip them well for diverse tasks in various environments.
Spanish Water Dogs are lively, intelligent, and hard-working, excelling in both mental and physical challenges.
• Affectionate: Loyal and loving with family, often forming close bonds.
• Energetic: Thrives on activity, play, and regular tasks.
• Intelligent: Quick learners, eager to work and solve problems.
• Alert: Makes an excellent watchdog; reserved but polite with strangers.
• Versatile: Excels in herding, agility, water work, and scent detection.
They are happiest when given a job to do or plenty of structured engagement.
The Spanish Water Dog is ideal for:
• Active individuals or families who enjoy hiking, swimming, and dog sports
• Owners seeking a trainable, eager-to-please companion
• Allergy-sensitive households looking for a low-shedding dog
• Those interested in agility, obedience, herding, or water retrieval
However, it may not be ideal for:
• Sedentary households or owners unable to meet high activity needs
• People who prefer a low-maintenance grooming routine
• Homes without secure outdoor space for play and exercise
These athletic dogs thrive on physical and mental stimulation and structured routines.
• Exercise: High; daily walks, swimming, games, and training are essential.
• Training: Responds excellently to positive reinforcement; early socialization is key.
• Grooming: Unique coat requires minimal brushing but occasional trimming to maintain even curl length; avoid frequent brushing to preserve curls.
• Living Environment: Best suited to homes with yards or frequent access to nature.
• Feeding: Balanced, high-quality diet tailored for active medium-sized breeds.
Regular activity and mental engagement prevent boredom-related behaviors.
The Spanish Water Dog is generally a healthy breed but may be prone to:
• Hip dysplasia
• Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)
• Allergies (less common but possible)
With good care and health screening, they typically live 12 to 14 years.
• Portuguese Water Dog: Similar in water skills and coat; Portuguese Water Dogs tend to be slightly larger and more outgoing.
• Poodle (Standard or Miniature): Comparable intelligence and coat; Poodles are more refined and bred primarily as companions.
• Lagotto Romagnolo: Similar rustic appearance and water history; Lagottos are primarily truffle hunters and slightly calmer.
If you’re looking for an energetic, intelligent, and versatile companion who can excel in both land and water activities, the Spanish Water Dog could be your perfect match. They require an active lifestyle, consistent training, and thoughtful coat maintenance.
Prospective owners should be ready for a long-term, high-energy companion who thrives on human interaction and purpose.
Seek reputable breeders who screen for hips and eyes and prioritize temperament and versatility. Breed-specific rescues and working dog organizations may occasionally have Spanish Water Dogs available for adoption.
United Pet Club supports Spanish Water Dog owners with microchip registration, health tracking, and training resources tailored to active working breeds.