Obstructive urolithiasis
Obstructive urolithiasis is a common, life-threatening condition of male small ruminants and camelids, especially castrated males (wethers), in which mineral stones block the narrow urethra. Diets high in grain and imbalanced calcium-to-phosphorus ratios promote stone formation, while early castration leaves a small-diameter urethra. Affected animals strain to urinate, are restless and colicky, and can develop bladder or urethral rupture (water belly). It is an emergency requiring prompt veterinary attention.
Quick facts
- Type:
- Metabolic
- Typical onset:
- Acute
- Body systems:
- Urinary
- Affected species:
- ALPACA, GOAT, LLAMA, SHEEP
Sources & references
- Merck Veterinary Manual — Describes diet-related urinary stone obstruction in male small ruminants, its signs, surgery, and prevention.
- Wikipedia — General overview of urinary calculi and obstruction.
This content is for educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If you are worried about your pet, contact your veterinarian.