Feline asthma is a chronic allergic disease of the lower airways in which the small bronchi become inflamed, constricted and clogged with mucus in response to inhaled allergens. It is the most common chronic respiratory disease of cats and produces coughing, wheezing and episodes of breathing difficulty. Acute severe attacks can be life-threatening. While not curable, asthma is well controlled with anti-inflammatory and airway-opening medication.
Feline asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lower airways driven by an allergic response. It is the most common cause of long-term coughing and wheezing in cats.
Inhaled allergens such as dust, pollen, smoke, aerosols and litter dust trigger airway inflammation and spasm. A genetic tendency toward allergy and environmental irritants contribute.
Cats cough, wheeze, breathe rapidly or with effort, and may adopt a crouched posture with neck extended during attacks. Open-mouth breathing or blue gums indicate an emergency.
Diagnosis combines history, chest radiographs showing a typical bronchial pattern, and exclusion of other causes such as parasites and heart disease. Airway sampling can confirm allergic inflammation.
Treatment uses corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, often by inhaler, plus bronchodilators to open the airways during flares. Severe attacks need oxygen and emergency drugs. Reducing environmental triggers is essential.
Minimising exposure to smoke, dust, scented products and dusty litter, and maintaining a healthy weight, reduce the frequency and severity of attacks.
This content is for educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If you are worried about your pet, contact your veterinarian.
