由胰島素缺乏或抵抗引起的葡萄糖調節障礙。
Diabetes mellitus arises when insulin is deficient or ineffective, so glucose cannot enter cells and accumulates in the blood. It is a common endocrine disease of middle-aged and older cats.
In cats the disease typically reflects insulin resistance combined with failing insulin-producing cells, driven largely by obesity, inactivity and sometimes other hormonal disorders or medications such as steroids.
Owners notice increased thirst and urination, weight loss despite a good appetite, and lethargy. Some cats develop a plantigrade stance due to nerve damage. Severe cases show vomiting and collapse from ketoacidosis.
Persistently elevated blood glucose with sugar in the urine confirms diabetes, supported by a fructosamine test that reflects longer-term control and rules out stress-related spikes.
Most cats need insulin injections, usually twice daily, alongside a low-carbohydrate diet and weight management. Home glucose monitoring guides dosing. Early intensive control can lead to remission.
Maintaining a lean body weight, encouraging activity and feeding appropriate diets greatly reduce the risk of diabetes in cats.
This content is for educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If you are worried about your pet, contact your veterinarian.
