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The Mudi is a medium-sized herding breed from Hungary. It developed as a farm and livestock dog and remains an active working animal more than a companion bred for looks. The build is athletic and squarish, the coat is wavy to curly over most of the body, and the expression is watchful.

Mudis are quick to learn and quick to react. They form close bonds with their handlers and tend to attach to one household rather than greeting everyone equally. With strangers the breed is often reserved and vocal, traits that come from its history as a farm watchdog as well as a herder.

Energy is the defining feature. A Mudi needs a real job or sustained daily activity to stay settled indoors. Owners who provide herding, dog sports, or long structured exercise usually find the breed adaptable and easy to live with.

Who the Mudi suits

The Mudi fits an active household that can give it daily work and mental challenge. It does well with people who enjoy training, dog sports, or rural life with livestock. It is less suited to a sedentary home or to owners who are away for long hours, because an under-stimulated Mudi can become restless and noisy.

The Mudi comes from Hungary, where it worked on farms herding sheep and cattle and guarding property. For much of its early existence it was not separated from other Hungarian herding dogs such as the Puli and Pumi. Farmers valued working ability over a fixed appearance, so the three types were often grouped together.

The breed was identified and described as separate in the 1930s, when efforts began to distinguish it from related Hungarian herders. Dr. Dezso Fenyesi is credited with recognizing and naming the Mudi during this period.

World War II reduced numbers across many European breeds, and the Mudi was affected along with other Hungarian dogs. Breeders worked to rebuild the population in the decades after the war, drawing on surviving farm stock.

The Mudi remains uncommon outside Hungary and is still used as a working herding dog there. International recognition has grown gradually, and the breed has gained acceptance from major kennel organizations, though it stays relatively rare compared with mainstream herding breeds.

The Mudi is medium in size with a balanced, roughly square outline and a light, agile frame. The head is wedge-shaped with a pointed muzzle and erect, V-shaped ears. The overall look is alert and ready to move. The coat is short and smooth on the face and front of the legs and wavy to curly over the rest of the body.

Coat and colors

The body coat is dense and wavy or curly, giving some texture without forming the cords seen in the Puli. Color is varied. Solid black is common, and brown, gray, white, and yellow also occur. The merle pattern, called cifra in Hungary, produces a marbled mix of darker patches on a lighter base. Breeding two merle dogs together is avoided because of the health risks linked to a double merle gene.

The Mudi is bright, busy, and strongly bonded to its people. It tends to attach closely to its household and works willingly with a handler it trusts. Within the family it is affectionate and playful, often staying near the people it knows best.

With strangers the breed is usually cautious rather than openly friendly. It is alert and barks readily, which makes it an effective watchdog but also means early socialization matters. Without enough exposure to new people and situations, a Mudi can become overly wary or noisy.

With other dogs and pets the Mudi generally does well when raised together and introduced properly. Its herding instinct can show up as chasing or nudging, so supervision around small animals and young children helps. This is a thinking dog that needs an outlet. Boredom often turns into barking, digging, or other unwanted behavior.

Grooming

• Brush the coat about once a week to remove loose hair and prevent tangles in the wavy areas.
• Brush more often during seasonal shedding periods.
• Bathe only when the dog is dirty; the coat sheds dirt well and needs little washing.
• Trim nails every few weeks and check ears for debris or moisture.
• Brush teeth several times a week to support dental health.

Exercise

• Provide at least 1 to 2 hours of activity per day.
• Combine physical exercise with tasks that use the mind, such as training drills or scent games.
• Suitable activities include herding, agility, obedience, flyball, and long hikes.
• A fenced area helps, since the breed is quick and inclined to chase.

Environment

The Mudi adapts to different climates and tolerates outdoor work, but it should live as part of the household rather than being left alone outside. It suits rural and suburban homes with space to move. An apartment can work only if the owner commits to substantial daily exercise and training, and even then the breed's tendency to bark needs management.

The Mudi does well on a complete and balanced diet formulated for active medium-sized dogs. Because energy needs vary with workload, a herding or sporting Mudi may need more food than a companion dog of the same size. Match portions to body condition: ribs should be easy to feel but not visible, with a defined waist. Fresh water should be available at all times.

Treats and supplements

Keep treats to about 10 percent of daily calories and use them mainly for training. Most Mudis on a complete diet do not need supplements, but a veterinarian may suggest joint support for very active or older dogs. Introduce any diet change gradually over several days to avoid stomach upset.

The Mudi is considered a robust, healthy breed, helped by its background as a working farm dog rather than a heavily refined show breed. The typical lifespan is 12 to 14 years. Like all dogs it has some conditions worth monitoring, and responsible breeders screen breeding stock for known issues.

Preventive care

• Keep vaccinations and parasite control current.
• Schedule annual veterinary checkups, with more frequent visits for seniors.
• Maintain a healthy weight to protect joints.
• Provide regular dental care.
• Choose puppies from breeders who test for hip and eye conditions.

The Mudi ranks among the more trainable breeds. It learns quickly, enjoys having a task, and pays close attention to its handler. That intelligence cuts both ways: a Mudi that is bored or under-exercised will find its own outlets, often barking or other unwanted habits. Short, varied sessions hold its focus better than long repetitive drills. Early socialization is important to temper the breed's natural wariness of strangers and its readiness to bark.

Basics

1. Start socialization and handling young, exposing the puppy to new people, places, and sounds.
2. Teach core cues: name, sit, down, stay, recall, and loose-lead walking.
3. Add a quiet or enough cue early to manage the breed's barking.
4. Introduce a job or sport such as herding, agility, or obedience once the basics are solid.
5. Keep sessions short, frequent, and varied to maintain interest.

Responsible Mudi breeding focuses on health, temperament, and working ability rather than appearance alone. Both parents should be old enough to be fully mature and should be screened for hip and eye conditions before mating. Females are usually bred after their first season or two, once physical and mental maturity is reached.

Gestation in dogs lasts roughly 63 days. Litters are typically small to moderate in size. Because the breed carries the merle gene, breeders avoid pairing two merle dogs to prevent the health problems associated with double merle puppies.

Raising young Mudis well means early handling and socialization. Puppies that meet a range of people, sounds, and surfaces during their first weeks tend to become more confident adults. Puppies are normally weaned and ready to leave for new homes at around eight weeks.

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