What does each club give for גובה בשכם in the רועה גרמני?

FCI, Male: 60–65 cm; AKC, Male: 61–66 cm; UKC, Male: 61–66 cm; KC, Male: 60.5–65.5 cm; CKC, Male: 61–66 cm; FCI, Female: 55–60 cm; AKC, Female: 55.9–61 cm; UKC, Female: 55.9–61 cm; KC, Female: 55.5–60.5 cm; CKC, Female: 56–61 cm.

רועה גרמני breed standards compared

Each column is one club's published standard. An empty cell means the club says nothing on that point in our records.

Clubs compared: FCI, AKC, UKC, KC, CKC.

Size

Size
Measure	FCI	AKC	UKC	KC	CKC
גובה בשכם, male	60–65 cmover 66 cmפוסלunder 59 cmפוסל	61–66 cm	61–66 cm	60.5–65.5 cm	61–66 cm
גובה בשכם, female	55–60 cmover 61 cmפוסלunder 54 cmפוסל	55.9–61 cm	55.9–61 cm	55.5–60.5 cm	56–61 cm
משקל, male	30–40 kg	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling	34–38.5 kg
משקל, female	22–32 kg	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling	27.3–31.8 kg
יחס גובה לאורך	0.9–0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9–0.9	No ruling
יחס גולגולת ללוע	1	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling
זווית הכתף	under 110°	No ruling	No ruling	90°	No ruling

Conformation

Conformation
Form	FCI	AKC	UKC	KC	CKC
נשיכהנשיכת מספריים	תקני (“The German Shepherd Dog has a scissor bite”)	תקני (“meet in a scissors bite”)	תקני (“meeting in a scissors bite”)	תקני (“perfect, regular and complete scissor bite”)	תקני (“meet in a scissors grip”)
נשיכהתת-נשיכה	פוסל (“Overshot by 2 mm and more, undershot”)	פוסל (“An undershot jaw is a disqualifying fault.”)	פוסל (“Disqualifications: Undershot; wry mouth.”)	No ruling	פגם (“an undershot jaw is a very serious fault”)
נשיכהנשיכת יתר	פגם (“Occlusal overlay, overbite and retrusive occlusion ... are faulty”)	פגם (“An overshot jaw or a level bite is undesirable.”)	פגם (“Faults: Overshot or level mouth”)	No ruling	פגם (“Overshot ... This is a serious fault.”)
נשיכהנשיכת צבת	No ruling	פגם (“An overshot jaw or a level bite is undesirable.”)	פגם (“Faults: Overshot or level mouth”)	No ruling	No ruling
נשיכהפה עקום	No ruling	No ruling	פוסל (“Disqualifications: Undershot; wry mouth.”)	No ruling	No ruling
מערכת השינייםשיניים מלאות	תקני (“strong, healthy and complete (42 teeth”)	תקני (“Complete dentition is to be preferred.”)	תקני (“Complete dentition is preferred.”)	תקני (“Full dentition of 42 teeth is desirable.”)	תקני (“complete dentition is decidedly to be preferred”)
מערכת השינייםחוסר שיניים	No ruling	פגם (“Any missing teeth other than first premolars is a serious fault.”)	פגם (“Faults: ... missing first premolars, gaps between the teeth.”)	No ruling	No ruling
נשיאת האוזנייםזקופות	תקני (“erect ears of medium size, which are carried upright”)	תקני (“carried erect when at attention”)	תקני (“Ears are erect, moderately pointed”)	תקני (“carried erect, almost parallel”)	No ruling
נשיאת האוזנייםתלויות	פגם (“Tipped ears and drooping ears are faulty.”)	פוסל (“A dog with cropped or hanging ears must be disqualified.”)	פוסל (“Disqualifications: Cropped ears; drop or tipped ears.”)	לא מוכר (“Never hanging.”)	פוסל (“Cropped and hanging ears are to be discarded”)
נשיאת האוזנייםקצוות מקופלים	פגם (“Tipped ears and drooping ears are faulty.”)	No ruling	פוסל (“Disqualifications: Cropped ears; drop or tipped ears.”)	לא מוכר (“never pulled inwards or tipped”)	No ruling
מיקום האוזנייםגבוה	No ruling	No ruling	תקני (“broad at the base, and set high”)	תקני (“broad at base, set high, carried erect”)	No ruling
צורת העיןשקדית	תקני (“medium size, almond-shaped, slightly slanted”)	תקני (“Eyes of medium size, almond shaped”)	תקני (“of medium size, almond-shaped”)	תקני (“Medium-sized, almond-shaped, never protruding”)	No ruling
סטופקל	No ruling	No ruling	תקני (“joined at a very slight stop”)	No ruling	No ruling
סטופאין	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling	פגם (“snipey muzzles, and no stop are faults”)
קו הגבמאוזן	No ruling	תקני (“sloping into the level back”)	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling
קו הגבמשופע לאחור	No ruling	No ruling	תקני (“The line of the back slopes downward from the withers”)	תקני (“falling away slightly in a straight line”)	No ruling
קו הגבמקומר (מקושת)	No ruling	לא מוכר (“The back is straight ... without sag or roach”)	פגם (“Serious Faults: Any measure of a roached or sagging back.”)	פגם (“Weak, soft and roach backs highly undesirable”)	No ruling
קו הגבגב שקוע	No ruling	לא מוכר (“The back is straight ... without sag or roach”)	פגם (“Serious Faults: Any measure of a roached or sagging back.”)	No ruling	No ruling
נשיאת הזנבדמוי חרב	No ruling	תקני (“At rest, the tail hangs in a slight curve like a saber.”)	תקני (“carried in a slight curve like a saber”)	תקני (“At rest tail hangs in slight sabre-like curve”)	No ruling
נשיאת הזנבמסולסל מעל הגב	No ruling	לא מוכר (“never be curled forward beyond a vertical line”)	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling
מיקום הזנבנמוך	No ruling	תקני (“set smoothly into the croup and low rather than high”)	תקני (“a low-set natural tail”)	No ruling	No ruling
אורך הזנבקצר	No ruling	פגם (“Tails too short ... are serious faults.”)	No ruling	פגם (“Short, rolled, curled ... or stumpy from birth, highly undesirable”)	No ruling
צורת כף הרגלרגל חתול	תקני (“The paws are rounded, well-closed and arched”)	No ruling	תקני (“Feet are round and tight”)	תקני (“Rounded toes well closed and arched”)	No ruling
אצבעות זאב קדמיותיש	No ruling	No ruling	תקני (“Front dewclaws may be removed but are normally left intact.”)	No ruling	No ruling
אורך הצווארארוך	No ruling	תקני (“clean-cut and relatively long”)	תקני (“The neck is relatively long but strong”)	תקני (“Fairly long, strong, with well-developed muscles”)	No ruling
עור גרון רפויאין (גרון נקי)	תקני (“without loose neck skin (dewlap)”)	תקני (“without loose folds of skin”)	תקני (“The skin is tight.”)	תקני (“free from throatiness”)	No ruling
חזהדמוי חבית	פגם (“a barrel-shaped chest is just as faulty as flat ribs”)	לא מוכר (“neither barrel-shaped nor too flat”)	פגם (“Faults: Barrel ribs; ribs too flat”)	לא מוכר (“neither barrel-shaped nor too flat”)	No ruling
חזהעמוק	No ruling	תקני (“It is deep and capacious, never shallow”)	תקני (“the chest is moderately broad, deep, and well filled”)	תקני (“Chest deep (45-48%) of height at shoulder”)	No ruling
הרמת בטןמתונה	No ruling	תקני (“only moderately tucked up in the loin”)	תקני (“Tuck-up is moderate.”)	No ruling	No ruling
צורת הראשטריזי	תקני (“The head is wedge-shaped”)	No ruling	תקני (“The head is wedge-shaped”)	No ruling	No ruling
עקביםעקבי פרה	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling	פגם (“cow hocks or sickle hocks, highly undesirable”)	No ruling
עקביםעקבי מגל	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling	פגם (“cow hocks or sickle hocks, highly undesirable”)	No ruling

Markings

Markings
Marking	FCI	AKC	UKC	KC	CKC
כוכב	פגם (“small white marks on chest ... permissible, but not desirable”)	No ruling	חלופי (“Small white marks in colored dogs on the chest or tips of the toes”)	No ruling	No ruling
כתם חזה	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling	פגם (“Light markings on chest or very pale colour on inside of legs permissible but undesirable”)	No ruling
סימנים שזופים	No ruling	No ruling	No ruling	חלופי (“may have tan or gold markings on head, chest, legs and feet”)	No ruling

Cropping, docking and other procedures

Cropping, docking and other procedures
Procedure	FCI	AKC	UKC	KC	CKC
קיצוץ אוזניים	No ruling	פוסל (“A dog with cropped or hanging ears must be disqualified.”)	פוסל (“Disqualifications: Cropped ears; drop or tipped ears.”)	No ruling	פוסל (“Cropped and hanging ears are to be discarded”)
קיצוץ זנב	לא מוכר (“Operative corrections are forbidden.”)	פוסל (“A dog with a docked tail must be disqualified.”)	No ruling	No ruling	פוסל (“Docked tails ... disqualify.”)
הסרת אצבע זאב	No ruling	תקני (“dewclaws, if any, should be removed from the hind legs”)	חלופי (“Removal of rear dewclaws is preferred but not mandatory.”)	No ruling	No ruling

The law on these procedures differs by country. A listing here says nothing about whether one is legal where you live.

רועה גרמני colors and patterns

What each club's breed standard says about every רועה גרמני color and pattern. Point at a ruling to see the club's own wording.

Breed standards describe the רועה גרמני in שחור, לבן, אפור, כסוף, שזוף, אדום, זהב ושמנת. Standard patterns: אחיד, דו-צבעי, סייבל וקצוות שזופים.

פרווה: rulings by club
Color or pattern	FCI	AKC	UKC	KC	KUSA
שחור	תקני (“single-coloured black”)	תקני (“Black”)	תקני (“Black”)	תקני (“all black”)	תקני (“single-coloured black”)
לבן	פוסל (“white hair colour (also with dark eyes and nails)”)	פוסל (“White”)	תקני (“pure white”)	פגם (“whites (i.e. almost pure white dogs with black noses) and near whites highly undesirable”)	פוסל (“white hair colour (also with dark eyes and nails)”)
אפור	תקני (“grey with darker shading”)	תקני (“Gray”)	תקני (“Sable (gray ... with black tips)”)	תקני (“all grey”)	תקני (“grey, with darker shading”)
כסוף	תקני (“black with ... light grey markings”)	תקני (“Black & Silver”)	תקני (“Black and Silver”)	תקני (“gold to light grey markings”)	תקני (“black with ... light grey markings”)
שזוף	תקני (“black with reddish-brown, brown and yellow to light grey markings”)	תקני (“Black & Tan”)	תקני (“Black and Tan”)	תקני (“black or black saddle with tan”)	תקני (“black with reddish-brown, brown, and yellow, to light grey markings”)
אדום	תקני (“black with reddish-brown ... markings”)	תקני (“Black & Red”)	תקני (“Black and Red”)	No ruling	תקני (“black with reddish-brown ... markings”)
זהב	תקני (“black with ... yellow to light grey markings”)	תקני (“most colors are permissible”)	לא מוכר	תקני (“Black & Gold”)	תקני (“black with ... yellow, to light grey markings”)
שמנת	תקני (“black with ... yellow to light grey markings”)	תקני (“Black & Cream”)	תקני (“Black and Cream”)	תקני (“gold to light grey markings”)	תקני (“black with ... yellow, to light grey markings”)
איזבלה	לא מוכר	פגם (“pale, washed-out colors ... are serious faults”)	פוסל (“pale, washed-out colors”)	חלופי (“Isabella”)	לא מוכר
לבקן	פוסל (“albinism”)	No ruling	פוסל (“albinism”)	פגם (“albinos ... highly undesirable”)	פוסל (“albinism”)
כחול	לא מוכר	פגם (“Blue”)	פוסל (“blue”)	פגם (“blues ... highly undesirable”)	לא מוכר
כבד	לא מוכר	פגם (“Liver”)	פוסל (“liver”)	פגם (“livers ... highly undesirable”)	לא מוכר
Patterns
אחיד	תקני (“single-coloured black”)	תקני (“Black”)	תקני (“Black ... or pure white”)	תקני (“all black, all grey”)	תקני (“single-coloured black”)
דו-צבעי	No ruling	תקני (“Bi-Color”)	תקני (“Bi-color (Black with tan markings)”)	תקני (“Bi-colour: predominantly black, may have tan or gold markings”)	No ruling
סייבל	תקני (“grey with darker shading”)	תקני (“Sable”)	תקני (“Sable (gray, tan, red, or silver with black tips)”)	תקני (“with lighter or brown markings referred to as Sables”)	תקני (“grey, with darker shading”)
קצוות שזופים	תקני (“black with reddish-brown, brown and yellow to light grey markings; black saddle”)	תקני (“Black & Tan”)	תקני (“Black and Tan”)	תקני (“black or black saddle with tan, or gold to light grey markings”)	תקני (“black with reddish-brown, brown, and yellow, to light grey markings”)
ברינדל	No ruling	No ruling	פוסל (“brindle”)	No ruling	No ruling
טלוא	No ruling	No ruling	פוסל (“Panda (characterized by white markings on the muzzle, chest, legs, neck and tip of the tail) ... piebald”)	No ruling	No ruling
ברינדל הפוך	No ruling	No ruling	פוסל (“brindle”)	No ruling	No ruling

עיניים: rulings by club
Color or pattern	FCI	AKC	UKC	KC	KUSA
חום כהה	תקני (“as dark as possible”)	תקני (“as dark as possible”)	תקני (“as dark as possible”)	תקני (“dark brown preferred”)	תקני (“as dark as possible”)
חום בהיר	פגם (“light, piercing eyes are undesirable”)	No ruling	פגם (“light eyes”)	תקני (“lighter shade tolerated”)	פגם (“light, piercing eyes are undesirable”)

אף: rulings by club
Color or pattern	FCI	AKC	UKC	KC	KUSA
שחור	תקני (“the nose must be black”)	תקני (“nose black”)	תקני (“the nose must be black”)	תקני (“nose black”)	תקני (“nose must be black”)

What the rulings mean

תקני: Described by the club's breed standard.
חלופי: Registrable with the club but not described by its breed standard, such as an AKC alternate color.
פגם: Named by the club's breed standard as a fault: the animal can be shown but is penalized.
פוסל: The club's breed standard disqualifies an animal of this color or pattern.
לא מוכר: The club does not accept this color or pattern for the breed.

Color changes

How a רועה גרמני's colors can change over its life.

שחורchanges toחלודה
פרווה · עם מצב הגוף · can change back
שחורchanges toאפור
פרווה · מתקדם
שחורchanges toחום
פרווה · בשמש · can change back
לבןchanges toרואן
פרווה · עם הגיל · from 2 weeks
קצוות שזופיםchanges toדוגמת אוכף
פרווה · עם הגיל · from 6 to 156 weeks
קצוות שזופיםchanges toדוגמת אוכף
פרווה · עם הגיל · from 6 to 156 weeks
שחורchanges toאף שלג
אף · עם העונה · can change back
שחורchanges toורוד
אף · עם העונה · can change back

Sources

Each ruling comes from the club's published breed standard or color list.

Published standards

Back to the רועה גרמני guide Grooming styles for the רועה גרמני