Protein-Energie-Mangelernährung
Also known as: Verhungern/Unterernährung
Die Protein-Energie-Mangelernährung ist ein Zustand unzureichender Kalorien- und Eiweißzufuhr, der zu Verlust von Körper- und Muskelmasse, Schwäche und beeinträchtigter Immunfunktion führt. Sie entsteht durch Verhungern, Vernachlässigung, schwere Erkrankung oder chronisch unzureichende Ernährung. Betroffene Tiere sind abgemagert, mit stumpfem Fell, verzögerter Wundheilung und erhöhtem Infektionsrisiko. Eine sorgfältige Ernährungsrehabilitation ist erforderlich.
Quick facts
- Type:
- Nutritional
- Typical onset:
- Chronic
- Body systems:
- Metabolic, Immune, Multisystemic
- Affected species:
- CAT, CATTLE, DOG, HORSE
- Reference codes:
- ICD11 5B60
Overview
Protein-energy malnutrition develops when an animal consistently takes in too few calories and too little protein. The body breaks down its own tissues, weakening muscles, the immune system, and organ function.
Causes
Neglect, starvation, poor-quality or insufficient diets, chronic illness reducing appetite or absorption, and high demands such as severe parasitism or disease all contribute.
Signs
Animals appear thin with prominent bones, wasted muscles, a dull rough coat, lethargy, poor wound healing, and frequent infections. Growth is stunted in the young, and reproductive function suffers.
Diagnosis
Body condition scoring, weight history, and physical examination establish malnutrition. Blood work may show low protein and other deficiencies; the diet and any underlying disease are investigated.
Treatment & Management
A gradual, balanced refeeding plan restores body condition while avoiding refeeding complications. Underlying diseases and parasites are treated, and a complete diet is provided long term.
Prevention
Provide complete, balanced diets in adequate amounts, monitor body condition, and promptly address illnesses that reduce intake or increase needs.
Sources & references
- Merck Veterinary Manual — Discusses consequences of inadequate energy and protein intake and the principles of nutritional rehabilitation.
- ICD-11
This content is for educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If you are worried about your pet, contact your veterinarian.